It’s time for me to own it. 

Thomas A. Nikolai, Ph.D. 

I don’t recall the exact location or date, but sometime around the dawn of the 21^st century I was attending an open discussion among prominent turfgrass scientists when Dr. Karl Danneberger of The Ohio State University sarcastically asked, “I just want to know who the hell is telling superintendents to roll their greens”?  I don’t think anyone expected an answer when a graduate student stood up and confessed “That would be me”.  It was a stunning declaration considering two other universities concluded lightweight rolling was only useful to increase green speed on a short term basis and therefore recommended it only be used for special occasions such as tournaments. 

I was confident recommending rolling on a frequent basis because I had performed the most continuous lightweight rolling research to date.  Consistent results of MTF funded rolling research include decreased dollar spot, localized dry spot, and weeds with no increases in compaction or bruising of leaf tissue.  Results from other MTF sponsored research include that rolling can replace mowing during periods of the year to relief traffic stress which can and lead to possible economic savings all while maintaining customer satisfaction.   

Due in part to those studies I was nicknamed the “Dr. of Green Speed” and I have traveled the globe and spread the word about rolling putting greens.  As I have travelled the world there has been one nagging question I get about frequent lightweight rolling which has been, “How do I stop my rolling program from injuring my collars”?  I have always respectfully poo-pooed the problem, however, it recently occurred to me that I caused this problem.  Given my enlightenment it is time for me to own this and do the best I can to solve this nagging condition of worn collars on putting surfaces. 

Step one was to determine how big the problem of worn collars is in Michigan by releasing a survey with the assistance of Adam Ikamas and Carey Mitchelson.  The average results of the survey are listed below.  These results do not solve the problem, but they do provide an indication of how wide spread the problem may be and provided me enough data to sort out common practices that may exacerbate the dilemma of collars.  This will lead to further analysis of this survey and a future study at the Hancock Turfgrass Research Center.  155 people responded to this survey and I trust everyone will find the results interesting at this point.  With that said, I want to thank the Michigan Turfgrass Association for their support.

Questions asked and the most popular responses are offered below. 

The bench setting height of cut for my greens are:(155 responses)

.110 - .120 = 29.7%

.120 - .130 = 28.4%

.100 - .110 = 20.6%

.090 - .100 =   9.7%

I certainly made a small error on the HOC surveys by making the ranges cross over at the extremes, that is, .120 has a possibility of 2 options.  My bad, but I think the results are still interesting and may assist in the worn collar issue.

The bench setting height of cut for my tees are:(154 responses) 

.350 - .400 = 24.7%

.450 - .500 = 23.4%

.400 - .450 = 20.8%

.300 - .350 = 16.9%

The bench setting for my green collars are: (155 responses)

.450 - .500 = 24.5%

.350 - .400 = 21.9%

.400 - .450 = 20.0%

.300 - .350 = 15.5%

The bench setting for my fairway mowers are:(155 responses)

.450 - .500 = 36.1%

.400 - .450 = 23.2%

      > .500 = 16.8%

.350 - .400 = 14.2%

For the majority of the year my greens are mowed with a:(153 responses)

Triplex 77.1%

Walk-behind 21.6%

Which best describes your putting green rolling frequency?(155 responses)

Rolled 1 – 3 times per week42.6%

Rolled 4 – 5 times per week25.2%

Rolled 6 – 7 times per week23.2% 

Never rolled  4.5%

By the way, due to over 20 years of lightweight rolling research at MSU I recommend a frequency 3 times per week to no more than 2 times per day.   

The roller type I use on most often on my putting surface is:(149 responses)

Sidewinder64.4%

Vibratory16.8%

Weighted triplex rollers  9.4%

Sidewinder & vibratory  3.4%

Pull behind  2.7%

Fairway roller  0.7%

If you use a sidewinder roller how do you change directions? (105 responses)

On the collar 41.0%

On the surrounds 26.7%

On the green23.8%

Rotate*  5.7%

*Comments provided about rotation included:

*Rotate changing direction on green or surrounds/never the collar.

*Rotate on the greens and collars.

*Rotate on collar, surrounds, and green and come to complete stop on greens. 

The PGR program on my greens is best described as applied: (153 responses) 

Every 2-weeks39.2%

Based upon GDD20.3%

Every week19.0%

Once a year at most  8.5%

Every 28-30 days  5.9%

When I apply a PGR on my putting greens I: (152 responses)

Also spray the collars88.8%

Try to avoid spraying the collars  7.9%

The most worn collars on my course that surround my putting greens show:

No visible impact from my putting green rolling program48.7%

Very little thinning from my putting green rolling program34.7%

Some wear damage from my putting green maintenance program  8.7%

Noticeable thinning from my putting green rolling program   4.7%

Show a lot of damage from my putting green rolling program  0.7%

The PGR I use the most often on my putting greens throughout the year include: (191 selections as many choose more than one option)

Primo Maxx (includes generic Trinexapac ethyl)59.6%

Proxy 10.4%

Trimmit  7.3%

Anuew    6.3%

Legacy    6.3%

Cutless    4.2%

My golf facility is best characterized as:(154 responses)

Private41.6%

Public32.5%

Semi Private13.6%

Resort  7.1%

Municipal  5.8%

Again, thank you all for the tremendous response.  As I make time to statistically analyze the data for interactions I will get the data out through the MTF and MiGCSA.